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Data Update 1 for 2025: The Draw (and Danger) of Data

Musings on Markets

Thus, as you peruse my historical data on implied equity risk premiums or PE ratios for the S&P 500 over time, you may be tempted to compute averages and use them in your investment strategies, or use my industry averages for debt ratios and pricing multiples as the target for every company in the peer group, but you should hold back.

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The Dividend Discount Model (DDM): The Black Sheep of Valuation?

Brian DeChesare

When I started offering financial modeling training , I never expected to get questions about a methodology like the Dividend Discount Model (DDM). But people who aim for investment banking roles are very much into those bells and whistles, so questions about the DDM and other “exotic” methodologies began rolling in.

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Data Update 2 for 2023: A Rocky Year for Equities!

Musings on Markets

The first is the dividends you receive, while you hold stocks, a cash flow stream that provides a measure of stability to investors who seek it. It too requires estimate for inputs, but the range of error is magnitudes smaller than with historical premiums. Actual Returns Your returns on equities come in one of two forms.

Equity 95
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Anatomy of a Market Crisis: Tariffs, Markets and the Economy!

Musings on Markets

There was undoubtedly some panic selling on Friday, but the flight to safety, whether it be in moving into treasuries or high dividend paying stocks, was muted. In the language of risk, they are demanding higher prices for risk, translating into higher risk premiums.

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Reaping the Whirlwind: A September 2022 Inflation Update!

Musings on Markets

By the start of 2022, the window for early action had closed and for much of this year, inflation has been the elephant in the room, driving markets and forcing central banks to be reactive, and its presence has already induced me to write three posts on its impact.

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Data Update 6 for 2025: From Macro to Micro - The Hurdle Rate Question!

Musings on Markets

In the first five posts, I have looked at the macro numbers that drive global markets, from interest rates to risk premiums, but it is not my preferred habitat. The second set of inputs are prices of risk, in both the equity and debt markets, with the former measured by equity risk premiums , and the latter by default spreads.

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In Search of a Steady State: Inflation, Interest Rates and Value

Musings on Markets

Equity Risk Premium Path : The equity risk premium of 5.24%, estimated at the start of May 2022, is at the high end of historical equity risk premiums , but we have seen higher premiums, either in crises (end of 2008, first quarter of 2020) or when inflation has been high (the late 1970s).