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Does Mandatory Board Gender Balancing Reduce Firm Value?

Reynolds Holding

As a social-policy instrument, forced board-gender balancing is in principle unrelated to firms’ economic performance. Not surprisingly, by early 2008, all ASA firms had complied. Norway is typical in that there are relatively few women with CEO experience at large firms.

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How Board Gender Diversity Affects the Relation between CSR and Firm Value

Reynolds Holding

Research shows that socially responsible activities enhance firm value while irresponsible social activities destroy value and that firms with more women directors tend to do better on social and environmental issues.

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Do Individual Directors Matter?

Reynolds Holding

A fundamental question in corporate governance research is whether the board of directors affects firm value. Some argue that directors contribute no additional value to the firm and may even lower its value if they act only as a rubber stamp on the CEO’s decisions.

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Value Drivers for an Engineering Firm

Peak Business Valuation

Many engineering firms find success through construction, consulting, and working on municipal projects. As such, the best way to increase the value of an engineering firm and be competitive is through understanding key value drivers fo r an engineering firm.

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Valuing an Engineering Firm

Peak Business Valuation

When valuing an engineering firm, a business appraiser at Peak Business Valuation considers many factors including the economy. The first step in understanding the value of an engineering firm is to receive a business valuation.

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Voting for Socially Responsible Corporate Policies

Reynolds Holding

In a recent paper , my coauthors and I examine voting on corporate policies when investors care about both maximizing firm value and achieving one or more social objectives. Put differently, investors in a firm face a trade-off when pushing for many environmental and social goals.

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The Irrelevance of Delaware Corporate Law

Harvard Corporate Governance

Efficient laws should enhance firm value. If so, under the generally accepted measure of quality (efficiency and firm value), corporate law would be irrelevant. Academic Research Empirical Research Delaware law financial Firm valuation Stakeholders Stock performance

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Delegated Gender Diversity

Harvard Corporate Governance

Despite the growing emphasis on gender diversity, women still represent less than 20% of board members in publicly listed firms worldwide. In 2004, Norway became the first country to legislate that all Norwegian publicly listed firms should have at least 40 percent female directors. The literature provides mixed evidence on the impact of female board representation on firm value.

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Board Reforms, Stock Liquidity, and Stock Market Development

Harvard Corporate Governance

Thus, over the past decades we have observed the introduction of a series of board reforms to improve board monitoring on corporate managers in numerous countries around the world and such reforms are shown to have increased firm value (Fauver, Hung, Li, and Taboada, 2017). Posted by Buhui Qiu and Thomas Y. To (University of Sydney), on Monday, August 29, 2022 Editor's Note: Buhui Qiu is Associate Professor of Finance and Director of Doctoral Studies and Thomas Y.

Finance 169
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How Useful are Commercial Corporate Governance Ratings in Emerging Markets?

Harvard Corporate Governance

Some researchers measure firm-level CG using country-specific indices (CSIs), tailored to each country’s laws and institutions; several studies report that these indices can predict Tobin’s q in emerging markets, in a panel data framework with firm fixed effects. A substantial body of CG research studies the extent to which firm-level CG choices, often captured in CG indices, predict firm value, profitability and other outcomes.

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Hidden Gems: Do Compensation Disclosures Reveal Performance Expectations?

Harvard Corporate Governance

Performance-based stock grant is an increasingly popular form of incentive pay for public firm CEOs in U.S. Under these grants, executives are expected to receive different levels of stock payments (“threshold,” “target,” or “maximum”), contingent on the firm’s meeting pre-specified hurdles by the end of the performance evaluation period. First, firms often cite performance expectations over the evaluation period to justify the reported unearned shares. Posted by C.

Finance 166
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When Banks Fail, Companies Suffer: The Intricate Relationship between Bankruptcy Risk and Company Valuation

Startup Valuation Blog

The insolvency of SVB Bank in March 2023 has once again brought up the issue of how the worth of a firm and the bankruptcy risk of financial institutions are related. "The bankruptcy of banks can have a ripple effect on the value of companies that work with the bank, and it's an aspect of valuation that cannot be ignored." A firm's value and the risk of the financial crisis that banks must deal with can have complicated and diverse relationships.

Banking 100
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Deregulation and Board Policies: Evidence from Performance Measures Used in Bank CEO Turnover Decisions

Harvard Corporate Governance

In contrast, most variation in CEO wealth stems from changes in the value of stock and option holdings, so the incentives arising from the CEO’s compensation are partly delegated to the equity markets (Hall and Liebman 1998; Edmans, Gabaix, and Jenter 2017). CEO incentives embedded in equity compensation encourage risk taking that might or might not enhance firm value (Bolton, Mehran, and Shapiro 2015; Stulz 2015).

Banking 158
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Dual Class Shares in the Age of Common Ownership

Reynolds Holding

His incentives as controller of Meta are thus clear: Maximize firm value and private benefits of control, irrespective of the effect that might have on other firms. Mark Zuckerberg has virtually all his personal wealth invested in Meta Platforms (formerly Facebook).

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How Enforcement Affects Disclosure

Reynolds Holding

Which firms are willing to disclose voluntarily in the absence of mandatory disclosure? The same logic applies to corporate disclosure: It is in the best interest of high-quality firms to separate from low-quality firms through voluntary disclosure.

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A Lawyer’s Guide to Empirical Corporate Governance

Reynolds Holding

Debates about corporate governance ultimately rest on empirical studies that evaluate whether a particular type of governance enhances shareholder value. The second is to evaluate what happens to firmsvalues after they adopt or remove a governance provision.

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Modigliani-Miller Theorem - is it Any Good For Business Valuation?

Equilest

describe the relationship between the capital structure of the firm and its value. . The Modigliani-Miller theorem is now widely studied and is considered a benchmark for evaluating the financial decisions of firms. . It is often used as a benchmark for evaluating the financial decisions of firms and has been influential in shaping how firms approach financing and capital structure. . . Suppose each firm produces an annual cash flow of 10 million USD.

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Does Firm Strategy Explain the Growing Gap between CEO and VP Pay?

Reynolds Holding

First, the pay differential may relate to the varying risks those executives face in managing their firm. Third, a large pay gap could simply reflect inadequate internal governance of the firm, which will benefit the entrenched CEO but is detrimental to firm value. VP pay differentials are associated with firms’ strategy, as strategy is a significant consideration when a firm decides to promote or otherwise reward its executives.

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Do Hostile Takeover Threats Matter?

Reynolds Holding

Second, managers acting on behalf of shareholders might reject projects with positive net present values if they feel that most of gains will flow to debtholders. This is referred to in the literature as the underinvestment problem and reflects poor investment decisions made by the firm.

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Acquisition premium - What is it, and How to Calculate it?

Equilest

An acquisition premium expresses the difference between the price paid for a firm and the value of the firm. For example, suppose a firm is valued at $ 1 million. Suppose an investor also purchased the firm for $ 1.1 In our example, the difference between the purchase price and the firm's value equals $ 0.1 If the price to be paid for the firm is $ 0.9 This price will equal the amount of the firm's value plus the purchase premium.

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A Follow up on Inflation: The Disparate Effects on Company Values!

Musings on Markets

In my last post , I discussed how inflation's return has changed the calculus for investors, looking at how inflation affects returns on different asset classes, and tracing out the consequences for equity values, in the aggregate. Inflation Small Cap Premium Value vs Growth

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How Board Gender Quotas Affect Stock Prices

Reynolds Holding

Empirical analysis of the valuation effects and the determinants of the market reaction to this external shock can provide robust evidence on the relationship between board gender diversity and firm value in a quasi-natural experiment framework. Do board gender quotas affect firm value?

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The Seven Key Drivers of Business Valuation

Biz Equity

The timeless adage is perhaps never more applicable than when it comes to business value. The underlying key performance indicators, or KPIs, that make up the business value also reflect industry trends, potential risks and opportunities, financial and operational health, and more.

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The Challenges of Succeeding a Long-Tenured CEO

Reynolds Holding

Financial theory suggests that a firm with strong corporate governance (e.g., an effective board of directors), keeps a CEO exactly as long as is optimal for the firm. If a long CEO tenure is indeed associated with bad firm performance (as suggested by Brochet et al.,

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What the Rise of Indexing Means for Corporate Governance

Reynolds Holding

If engagement increases the value of a portfolio company, the total value of the fund’s assets under management (AUM) increases, allowing the fund manager to collect higher fees. However, the manager does not capture the entire rise in value, for two reasons.

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According to Startup.info - Equitest is the Leading Business Valuation Software for Startups

Startup Valuation Blog

Equitest is an Israeli fintech startup developing an online valuation platform that enables startups to manage and enhance their value with tools like business valuation calculator , business valuation software, pitch deck creator, and cap table management software. As a result, I decided to set up a platform that would allow entrepreneurs to assess a company’s value without prior knowledge quickly. Equitest is a one-stop-shop for evaluating and enhancing the firm’s value.

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Boardroom Gender-Diversity Reforms and Institutional Monitoring

Reynolds Holding

This gap also contrasts with regulators’ reliance on investors to help ensure firms’ faithful implementation of the reforms. Our treatment sample consists of firms from 25 countries that amended a corporate governance code or enacted legislation to improve boardroom gender diversity.

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ESG Valuation Considerations – Top Down or Bottom Up?

Value Scope

It was a hot topic before the COVID pandemic, in discussions to measure and value how companies engaged in sustainable and societally beneficial activities. The challenge is that it is difficult to value things that are not clearly defined and measured, with some sort of consensus.

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9 Factors That Affect The Value Of A Startup

Startup Valuation Blog

The value of a startup is affected by many factors. Here is a list of nine factors that affect the value of a startup. . As we have already mentioned the importance of valuing your startup, an increased startup value directly means that you are excelling in your startup, and your continuous struggle will indeed bear fruit. However, how can you ensure that your startup value is increasing? 3. Capital Turnover Value.

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How Algorithmic Trading Affects What Directors Learn from Stock Prices

Reynolds Holding

Their monitoring role includes making CEO hiring and firing decisions that significantly affect shareholder value. Algorithmic trading (AT) is one of the most notable financial innovations in several decades and constitutes a substantial portion of recent trading in stock markets.

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What Is Capital Budgeting?

Andrew Stolz

The net present value of an asset (NPV). Calculating the payback period would help the firm know how long it is going to take to recover the cost of an investment. Throughput analysis looks at the firm as a whole. Definition of Capital Budgeting.

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ESG A Valuation Framework

Value Scope

The notion that we can come together and we can get our regulator to focus on an amorphous set of qualities other than the long-term financial value of a corporation, I think we’re fooling ourselves,” said Commissioner Peirce on CNBC’s Squawk on the Street. . Value.

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Does the Market Misprice Companies’ “Strategic Alternatives” Announcements?

Reynolds Holding

Seeking “strategic alternatives” is a euphemism for a company trying to sell itself, which typically results in an acquisition premium for shareholders, and many announcements of strategic alternatives explicitly state that the goal is maximizing shareholder value.

Alpha 59
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How Takeovers Affect  Firms’ Voluntary Disclosure

Reynolds Holding

How does the possibility of being taken over affect the disclosure of information by the management of the target firm? In my recent article, I develop an analytical model to study the effect of takeovers on the voluntary disclosures made by the management of the target firm.

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How the Balance of Power Is Changing in the Resolution of Corporate Financial Distress

Reynolds Holding

A chapter 11 case, besides extinguishing the option value of equity interests, can also mean the end of advisory fees and an enhanced threat of litigation against a sponsor and its representatives. Smith & Amir Sufi, Creditor Control Rights, Corporate Governance, and Firm Value , 25 Rev.

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The Corporate Governance Cartel

Reynolds Holding

And, because institutional investors are viewed as sophisticated market players, their joint efforts should supposedly control managerial agency costs and improve firm value. In recent years, major institutional investors in the U.S.

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How To Increase The Value Of A Startup?

Startup Valuation Blog

Do you want to increase the value of a startup? . . How To Increase The Value Of A Startup? And that is why every step you take needs to be calculated and planned to a fool-proof finesse that makes the base of your business firm and long-lasting. As in the previous book, “How To Value Your Startup,” we have discussed the perfect method of valuing your startup, and that is by the carefully engineered system of Equitest. 3. Capital Turnover Value.

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Appraisal as a Shareholder Voice in M&A Transactions

Appraisal Rights

The author ultimately argues for a “shareholder voice in situations of high importance to firm value and share price.”. . Appraisal-Eligible Deals Fair Value Shareholder Vote Voting Against the MergerIn this post by Professor Afra Afsharipour of the UC Davis School of Law, she discussed what she identifies as the bidder overpayment problem, where bidders often pay more for publicly traded targets due to managerial agency costs and behavioral biases.

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Will accounting be automated? Yes, but it makes the job more interesting.

ThomsonReuters

At face-value, automating accounting can be a scary thought: robots can do it better? However, automation is the accountant’s pathway to more rewarding, high-value work. . Open API connectors enable firms to easily integrate third party vendors seamlessly. .

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The ESG Movement: The "Goodness" Gravy Train Rolls On!

Musings on Markets

ESG: Value and Pricing Implications Rather than repeat in detail the points I made in last year's post , I will summarize my key conclusions, with addendums and modifications, based upon the feedback (positive and negative) that I have received.

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The Innovation and Reporting Consequences of Financial Regulation for Young Life-Cycle Firms

Reynolds Holding

Over the last several decades, financial regulators have increa Add New sed governance and reporting requirements for publicly listed firms, frequently with the goal of improving the reliability of financial information available to investors.

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Why information technology is important to accountants

ThomsonReuters

From sending reports to notifying them of legal or regulatory changes or sending reminders to make estimated tax payments, integrated accounting technology can help you position your firm as a committed partner who supports your clients beyond tax season. . Improve firm value.

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What NCAA Football Teaches Us About the Connection Between Executive Pay and Performance

Reynolds Holding

In effect, we are positing that managers view their compensation as the discounted present value of future expected payoffs over the life of a contract.