Remove Equity Remove Finance Remove Risk-free Rate
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Down Round Valuation: How to Survive and Protect Your Equity (2025)

Equidam

The end of the ZIRP (Zero Interest Rate Policy) era has created a valuation reset that’s forcing founders into down rounds, threatening equity dilution, employee morale, and future fundraising ability. If you’re a founder facing this reality, you’re not alone, and more importantly, you’re not doomed.

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Sovereign Ratings, Default Risk and Markets: The Moody's Downgrade Aftermath!

Musings on Markets

Sovereign Defaults: A History Through time, governments have often been dependent on debt to finance themselves, some in the local currency and much in a foreign currency. Let's start with the riskfree rate, a basic building block for estimating costs of equity and capital, which are inputs into intrinsic valuation.

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Pre-Seed Startup Funding Probability: What Are Your Real Chances of Getting Funded?

Equidam

Alternative Funding Strategies Given the low probabilities of traditional funding, smart founders develop multiple capital strategies: Friends and family funding : This typically has much higher success rates because investors are betting on the founder rather than the business.

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What Is Risk-Free Rate?

Andrew Stolz

Definition of Risk-Free Rate. The risk-free rate is the minimum rate of return on an investment with theoretically no risk. Government bonds are considered risk-free because technically, a government can always print money to pay its bondholders. Anticipated rate of inflation.

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In Search of Safe Havens: The Trust Deficit and Risk-free Investments!

Musings on Markets

In every introductory finance class, you begin with the notion of a risk-free investment, and the rate on that investment becomes the base on which you build, to get to expected returns on risky assets and investments. What is a risk free investment? Why does the risk-free rate matter?

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Data Update 2 for 2023: A Rocky Year for Equities!

Musings on Markets

In this post, I will begin by chronicling the damage done to equities during 2022, before putting the year in historical context, and then examine how developments during the year have affected expectations for the future. Actual Returns Your returns on equities come in one of two forms. Stocks: The What?

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The Price of Risk: With Equity Risk Premiums, Caveat Emptor!

Musings on Markets

If you have been reading my posts, you know that I have an obsession with equity risk premiums, which I believe lie at the center of almost every substantive debate in markets and investing. How, you may ask, can equity risk premiums be that divergent, and does that imply that anything goes?