article thumbnail

Do Activists Beat the Market?

Harvard Corporate Governance

A review of five-and-a-half years of shareholder activism campaign data reveals important (but often overlooked) observations about this increasingly popular investment approach, used broadly by hedge funds and other investors to influence how U.S. Our empirical review included campaigns waged between 2018 and H1 2023 at U.S.

article thumbnail

ESG Valuation Considerations – Top Down or Bottom Up?

Value Scope

This work can be used to reconcile and support an adjustment to the CAPM, then the WACC, via Alpha and Beta. In 2018, the number was about $5 billion. ESG in Equity Analysis and Credit Analysis” was published in 2018 by the PRI, the Principles of Responsible Investment arm of the UN, and the CFA Institute. million to $271.5

article thumbnail

ESG A Valuation Framework

Value Scope

In 2018, the number was about $5 billion. “The How do you justify making substantial investments and fundamental changes to corporate structures and culture without empirical evidence that it will make a direct impact on shareholder value, total shareholder return, net present value, and individual rates of return? .