Musings on Markets

FEBRUARY 8, 2022

At the risk of provoking the ire of those who dislike portfolio theory, the most widely model for risk, in practice, is the capital asset pricing model, and beta is the relative risk measure. At the start of 2022, the ten sectors (US) with the highest and lowest relative risk (unlettered betas), are shown below.

Risk Premium 93

Risk Premium Beta Start-ups Equity 93

Andrew Stolz

AUGUST 5, 2020

If an investor moves money from the risk-free asset into the stock market, they should expect to earn a return in excess of the risk-free rate, what is called an equity risk premium. beta of a stock). The beta measures the sensitivity of a stock in relation to changes in the market. What Impacts the Capital Asset Pricing Model?

Risk-free Rate 52

Risk-free Rate Beta Weighted Average Cost of Capital Risk Premium 52

Equidam

APRIL 26, 2025

For startups, particularly in technology and software sectors, the primary assets are often intangible intellectual property, skilled teams, user bases, brand equity, and growth potential. Free cash flow to equity (FCFE) is typically used, representing cash available to equity holders after all expenses, investments, and debt payments.

Discounted Cash Flow 59

Discounted Cash Flow Terminal Value Book Value Beta 59

Benzinga

MAY 14, 2024

As per the terms, Equinor will increase its ownership in the Heidrun field and Noatun discovery and reduce its ownership in the Tyrihans field and the Castberg field, as well as the Carmen and Beta discoveries. Currently, Equinor holds a low equity interest in the Heidrun field of 13.0%, while Petoro has an equity interest of 57.8%.

Beta 52

Beta Equity 52

Musings on Markets

MAY 20, 2022

In my last post , I discussed how inflation's return has changed the calculus for investors, looking at how inflation affects returns on different asset classes, and tracing out the consequences for equity values, in the aggregate.

Price to Book 103

Price to Book Dividends Beta Equity 103

Musings on Markets

JULY 13, 2022

Country Risk: Equity Risk For equity investors, the price of risk is captured by the equity risk premium, and equity risk premiums will vary across countries. Please do not attach any political significance to my country groupings, or take them personally.

Risk Premium 103

Risk Premium Risk-free Rate Start-ups Equity 103

Valutico

FEBRUARY 27, 2024

Different types of discount rates such as risk-free rate, cost of equity, or cost of debt, are used contextually in financial analysis. Cost of Equity: The cost of equity represents the return required by equity investors to compensate them for the risk of owning a company’s shares.

Discounted Cash Flow 52

Discounted Cash Flow Risk Premium Risk-free Rate Beta 52

Valutico

APRIL 17, 2023

WACC considers the costs associated with different components of a firm’s capital structure, such as debt, equity, and preferred stock, and weighs them according to their proportion. It is a metric used to calculate the Cost of Capital for a company based on its specific financing mix (debt, equity and/or preference shares).

Weighted Average Cost of Capital 52

Weighted Average Cost of Capital Discounted Cash Flow Beta Risk-free Rate 52

Valutico

APRIL 17, 2023

WACC considers the costs associated with different components of a firm’s capital structure, such as debt, equity, and preferred stock, and weighs them according to their proportion. It is a metric used to calculate the Cost of Capital for a company based on its specific financing mix (debt, equity and/or preference shares).

Weighted Average Cost of Capital 52

Weighted Average Cost of Capital Discounted Cash Flow Beta Risk-free Rate 52

Valutico

APRIL 12, 2023

WACC considers the costs associated with different components of a firm’s capital structure, such as debt, equity, and preferred stock, and weighs them according to their proportion. It is a metric used to calculate the Cost of Capital for a company based on its specific financing mix (debt, equity and/or preference shares).

Weighted Average Cost of Capital 52

Weighted Average Cost of Capital Discounted Cash Flow Beta Risk-free Rate 52

Andrew Stolz

MARCH 20, 2020

A firm uses a mix of equity and debt to minimize the cost of capital. In general, the cost of debt is lower than the cost of equity due to the tax advantage of debt. The cost of equity (Ke) is an expected return that a firm pays to an equity investor to compensate for the risk of investing capital.

Beta 52

Beta Capital Structure Risk-free Rate Weighted Average Cost of Capital 52

Brian DeChesare

SEPTEMBER 13, 2023

Ask anyone interested in distressed debt hedge funds for “the pitch,” and they’ll probably mention one of the following: “It’s like long/short equity or credit , but more interesting!” Distressed investing offers equity-like returns with lower risk.” Distressed assets offer non-correlated returns, similar to global macro.”

Equity 103

Equity Banking EBITDA Start-ups 103

Global Finance

JUNE 4, 2024

Equity trades will now be settled on the same day they are made. Even as India moves to same-day settlement, Indian regulators, exchanges, and clearing houses have already started pushing further, beta testing for real-time settlement, expected to be realized next year. US exchanges are transitioning to T+1 from a T+2 cycle.

Start-ups 52

Start-ups Beta Banking Finance 52

Musings on Markets

JANUARY 5, 2024

Beta & Risk 1. Return on Equity 1. Equity Risk Premiums 2. Costs of equity & capital 4. Costs of equity & capital 4. Costs of equity & capital 1. Fundamental Growth in Equity Earnings 2. Return on Equity 2. Standard Deviation in Equity/Firm Value 2. Debt Details 1.

Dividends 107

Dividends Risk Premium Equity Book Value 107

Benzinga

JANUARY 12, 2024

billion a year ago, led by market beta on average AUM, positive organic base fee growth, and higher securities lending revenue. BlackRock Inc (NYSE: BLK ) reported Q4 FY23 revenue growth of 7% Y/Y to $4.631 billion, marginally above the consensus of $4.627 billion. billion from $3.40

Dividends 52

Dividends Beta Technology Marketability 52

Brian DeChesare

MAY 3, 2023

And it values the company today based on the present value of its dividends and that potential future value (either the stock price or the Equity Value via the Terminal Value calculation). And Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) must distribute almost all their Net Income, so the DDM can work well in REIT valuations.

Dividends 64

Dividends Terminal Value Enterprise Value Equity 64

Brian DeChesare

AUGUST 31, 2022

Convertible bonds are hybrid instruments with elements of debt and equity, and some groups that trade convertible bonds also combine elements of S&T and IB. If you’re using a strategy like long/short equity , you could long or short a company’s stock, and your results would depend heavily on the stock market’s overall direction.

Banking 89

Banking Risk-free Rate Equity Start-ups 89

Musings on Markets

JANUARY 31, 2024

In my last three posts, I looked at the macro (equity risk premiums, default spreads, risk free rates) and micro (company risk measures) that feed into the expected returns we demand on investments, and argued that these expected returns become hurdle rates for businesses, in the form of costs of equity and capital.

Equity 83

Equity Book Value Start-ups Corporate Finance 83

Equidam

FEBRUARY 1, 2024

As venture studios “earn” their equity via services and support provided, starting out with a large amount of relatively ‘cheap’ ownership (15-80%, depending on the model), it can make sense to cash-in sooner and reinvest the capital in new ventures.

Beta 72

Beta Finance Equity Marketability 72

Appraisal Rights

JUNE 5, 2017

In selecting the appropriate equity risk premium, the court observed that whether to use supply-side or historical ERP should be determined on a case-by-case basis. With regard to beta, the court found fault with both side’s approach.

Beta 40

Beta Risk Premium Capital Structure Discounted Cash Flow 40

Brian DeChesare

JULY 19, 2023

If you’re interested in long-only hedge funds, you should ask a different set of questions: Do these long-only funds offer any advantages over strategies like long/short equity ? Theoretically, an equity fund could be long-only and manage its risk by buying stocks that are negatively correlated with the market.

Equity 52

Equity Beta Banking Start-ups 52

Musings on Markets

FEBRUARY 10, 2021

Cost of raising funds (capital) : Since the funds that are invested by a business come from equity investors and lenders, one way in which the hurdle rate is computed is by looking at how much it costs the investing company to raise those funds. More on that issue in a future data update post.) as mature markets.

Risk-free Rate 52

Risk-free Rate Risk Premium Start-ups Equity 52

Brian DeChesare

MAY 24, 2023

Event-Driven Hedge Funds Definition: Event-driven hedge funds bet on specific corporate actions, such as M&A deals, divestitures, spin-offs, bankruptcies, and business reorganizations, and they profit based on changes in the value of a company’s debt or equity after the action.

Equity 64

Equity Start-ups Banking EBITDA 64

Equilest

APRIL 11, 2023

With limited features and formulas, it can be difficult to account for all the necessary parameters in a valuation, such as interest rates, equity risk premiums, and beta. It lacks interest rates, equity risk premiums, beta, and other important data.

Business Valuation 40

Business Valuation Beta Risk Premium Discounted Cash Flow 40

Equidam

APRIL 26, 2025

Valuation at this stage is vital for several reasons: it helps attract necessary investment, guides fair equity distribution among founders and early stakeholders, and serves as a benchmark for strategic planning and growth monitoring. Early indicators like user sign-ups, pilot programs, or letters of intent can exist even without sales.

Marketability 59

Marketability Technology Beta Start-ups 59

Lighter Capital

JUNE 20, 2024

The service has handled more than 11 million calls, and with its beta release of teleCalm Mobile , that number will continue to grow. In under 8 years, Tavis has taken teleCalm from possibility to profitability and secured multiple patents on the service.

Beta 59

Beta Start-ups Finance Equity 59

Brian DeChesare

DECEMBER 6, 2023

Beta-Neutral Portfolios: For example, if the S&P 500 goes up or down by 5%, your team’s portfolio should move by ~0%. Pair Trades: To achieve this market neutrality, trades are usually paired so that if you long one company in your universe, you’ll short another company, and the gains come from the spread (more on long/short equity ).

Start-ups 104

Start-ups Beta Marketability Comps 104

Brian DeChesare

JULY 27, 2022

Anyone who’s ever traded stocks can understand long/short equity , and even simple global macro trades are easy to explain to the average person. To simplify, we can say that credit hedge funds operate in three main areas: Long/Short Credit – It’s similar to long/short equity , but with bonds rather than stocks. See the example above.

Equity 52

Equity Start-ups Private Equity Firm Beta 52

Andrew Stolz

FEBRUARY 4, 2022

In 3Q21, its net debt-to-equity ratio stood at 0.3x, compared to 0.6x The company is characterized by a strong efficiency, which also boosts future return on equity. The company is highly cyclical reflected in the above-average beta of 1.25x. The company started to reduce its long-term debt. Ratios – Terex Corporation.

Start-ups 52

Start-ups Net Debt Beta Equity 52

Valutico

APRIL 25, 2023

The ESG score feeds into our proprietary algorithm to derive an appropriate adjustment to the Cost of Equity and Cost of Debt, which impacts the final valuation. Users complete a streamlined ESG assessment of the target company to arrive at an ESG score. Who is ValutECO for? Where do I see the impact in Valutico’s valuation platform?

Discounted Cash Flow 52

Discounted Cash Flow Alpha Beta Equity 52

Valutico

APRIL 25, 2023

The ESG score feeds into our proprietary algorithm to derive an appropriate adjustment to the Cost of Equity and Cost of Debt, which impacts the final valuation. Users complete a streamlined ESG assessment of the target company to arrive at an ESG score. Who is ValutECO for? Where do I see the impact in Valutico’s valuation platform?

Discounted Cash Flow 52

Discounted Cash Flow Alpha Beta Equity 52

Valutico

OCTOBER 20, 2022

Ce = Cost of Equity. B = Beta. (Rm Rm – Rf) = Equity Market Risk Premium. Cp = Cost of Equity Premium. Ce = Cost of Equity. E = Equity . Depending on the exact methodology and discount rate used, this could be the Enterprise Value or Equity Value. Cost of Equity. Equity / Debt + Equity.

Discounted Cash Flow 52

Discounted Cash Flow Terminal Value Weighted Average Cost of Capital Net Present Value 52

Musings on Markets

NOVEMBER 1, 2023

To deliver this growth, I did assume that Tesla would have to invest large amounts of capital in capacity, and that this would create a significant drag on value, resulting in a equity value of just under $10 billion. In subsequent valuations, I modified and adapted this story to reflect lessons that I learned about Tesla, along the way.

Start-ups 127

Start-ups Marketability Market Capitalization Equity 127

Benzinga

FEBRUARY 9, 2023

At launch, the Platform will be in beta format and not all of the experiences and functionality will be available immediately. BitNile.com's metaverse platform (the " Platform ") will launch on March 1, 2023, representing an evolution of how people interact digitally with a bidirectional connection to the physical.

Beta 40

Beta eCommerce Marketability Equity 40

Andrew Stolz

AUGUST 6, 2020

The expected return on an asset is determined by the risk-free rate of return with the addition of the asset’s beta to each macroeconomic factor that impacts the return on the asset multiplied by the risk premium of those factors. Investors assign macroeconomic factors that may affect the return on the asset through a regression process.

Risk-free Rate 52

Risk-free Rate Risk Premium Beta Marketability 52

Benzinga

MAY 11, 2022

Several demonstrations of the Guardian XT robot Beta units to partners and customers have taken place in Sarcos' facility since the start of the year and the company continues to expect that Guardian XT robot Beta units will be placed with customers for field tests in mid-2022. million for 2022. Property and equipment, net. .

Technology 40

Technology Beta Start-ups Compliance 40

Musings on Markets

JANUARY 6, 2023

I do report on a few market-wide data items especially on risk premiums for both equity and debt. I also report on pricing statistics, again broken down by industry grouping, with equity (PE, Price to Book, Price to Sales) and enterprise value (EV/EBIT, EV/EBITDA, EV/Sales, EV/Invested Capital) multiples. Cost of Equity 1.

Risk Premium 52

Risk Premium Dividends Start-ups EBITDA 52