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Not surprisingly, the company listings are across the world, and I look at the breakdown of companies, by number and market cap, by geography: As you can see, the market cap of US companies at the start of 2025 accounted for roughly 49% of the market cap of global stocks, up from 44% at the start of 2024 and 42% at the start of 2023.
Data universe : In my sample, I include all publicly traded firms with marketcapitalizations that exceed zero, traded anywhere in the world. Cost of Capital 3. For market data , where the updating is continuous, that is data as of the January 1, 2023. Cost of Equity 1. PE & PEG 2. Standard deviation in stock price 2.
The market debt ratio, in contrast, uses the market's estimate of the value of equity, i.e., its marketcapitalization, as the value of equity. If there were not the case, there would probably be a handful of airlines still in operations since the rest would have been liquidated years or even decades ago.
Understanding valuation is fundamental for founders seeking capital, investors deploying it, and advisors looking to facilitate deal making on both sides. 11] , [12] They provide a reference point as the company transitions to public ownership, where marketcapitalization becomes the ongoing measure of valuation.
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